C++

General

• Copy one file into another:

#include <fstream>
#include <string>

int main(){
     
     //Open file for reading
     std::ifstream in("input.dat");
     
     //Open file for writing
     std::ofstream out("output.dat");
     
     //Temporary buffer for line read from file
     std::string line;
     
     while(getline(in,line)){//getline removes the newline char
          out<<line<<'\n';   // Appending back newline char  
     }
     return 0;
}

• The skinny on typedef struct blah syntax and what they mean for c and c++

stdlib functions

• strchr() vs strrchr() - returns pointer to first and last instance of a specified character, respectively.

Preprocessor

• #pragma directives - offer a way for each compiler to offer machine- and operating system-specific features while retaining overall compatibility with the C and C++ languages.
  • Pragmas are machine- or operating system-specific by definition, and are usually different for every compiler.
  • Pragmas can be used in conditional statements, to provide new preprocessor functionality, or to provide implementation-defined information to the compiler.

Polymorphism and Inheritance

• You must explicitly specify the accessibility of the inherited class when declaring the inheriting class
  • class inheriting : public inherited { ... };
    • NOTE THE PLACEMENT OF PUBLIC ABOVE

Function Pointers

1. Define a function pointer and initialize to NULL
   1. int (*pt2Function)(float, char, char) = NULL;
      • C-style
   • int (TMyClass::*pt2Member)(float, char, char) = NULL;
   1. • C++-style
   • int (TMyClass::*pt2ConstMember)(float, char, char) const = NULL;
   1. • C++-style, constant